Cultural Revolution

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun A comprehensive reform movement in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966 to eliminate counterrevolutionary elements in the country's institutions and leadership. It was characterized by political zealotry, purges of intellectuals, and social and economic chaos.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• proper noun an abbreviation for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of the People’s Republic of China
• proper noun an abbreviation for Iran's Cultural Revolution of 1980-1987
• proper noun any reform movement in which a national government aims to radically change its country's political, social, economical and cultural values.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• noun a radical reform in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 and carried out largely by the Red Guard; intended to eliminate counterrevolutionary elements in the government it resulted in purges of the intellectuals and socioeconomic chaos