hamartomas

Cowden syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by multiple tumor-like growths called hamartomas, and an increased risk of certain cancers.

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Patients with PHTS disorders usually develop multiple benign (noncancerous) growths known as hamartomas in different areas of the body.

PTEN Hamartoma Tumor syndrome 2009

In addition to hamartomas, patients can have other clinical features, including:

PTEN Hamartoma Tumor syndrome 2009

Cowden Syndrome or Cowden Disease is a serious genetic disorder characterized by multiple hamartomas.

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Some lung hamartomas can compress surrounding lung tissue to a degree, but this is generally not debilitative or even noticed by the patient, especially for the more common peripheral growths.

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Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of hamartomas, which are unusual tumor-like growths found in a variety of tissues

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TSC1 or TSC2 genes, is characterized by the development of hamartomas.

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The hamartomas themselves may cause symptoms or even death, but morbidity is more often associated with increased occurrence of malignancies, usually in the breast or thyroid.

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MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of tuberin may lead to somatic inactivation of the hamartin / tuberin complex in tuberous sclerosis complex-associated brain hamartomas that have activated MEK1 and ERK1

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Usually skin hamartomas exist, and commonly (about 66\% of cases) hamartoma of the thyroid gland exists.

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