prosthaphæresis

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun The reduction to bring the apparent place of a planet or moving point to the mean place.
• noun A method of computing by means of a table of natural trigonometrical functions, without multiplying. It was invented by a pupil of Tycho Brahe, named Wittig, but was entirely superseded by logarithms.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun A method of computing by means of a table of natural trigonometrical functions, without multiplication.
• noun A reduction to bring the apparent place of a moving point or planet to the mean place.