Blumenberg

Smith was understandably concerned with the necessity of keeping Horn and Blumenberg in prison, to send a clear message to all owners and bondsmen of slave ships.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

The court demanded that Blumenberg forfeit the bond.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

Smith was determined to send Blumenberg to jail, but he had to try the man three times; the first two trials ended in hung juries.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

The exertions now on foot to relieve Horn, will render his pardon necessary, if Blumenberg is released.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

The first will be accomplished in the conviction of the merchant, Albert Horn; the second, by the execution of Gordon; and the third, by the punishment of Blumenberg.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

Smith carefully chose his three examples: Nathaniel Gordon, Albert Horn, and Rudolph Blumenberg.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

Smith was understandably concerned with the necessity of keeping Horn and Blumenberg in prison, to send a clear message to all owners and bondsmen of slave ships.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

The exertions now on foot to relieve Horn, will render his pardon necessary, if Blumenberg is released.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

The court demanded that Blumenberg forfeit the bond.

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007

Convicted in October 1862, Horn served less than seven months of his five-year sentence—he received a presidential pardon due to ill health.9 Rudolph Blumenberg actually served a little over two years of his sentence, before Lincoln awarded him a pardon in early 1863 for supplying Marshal Robert Murray with information about the slave trade in New York.10

Hanging Captain Gordon Ron Soodalter 2007