Khwarazm

In 1141, he defeated the Seljuqs at Samarkand and extended his territory to Sogdia, Bactria, and Khwarazm.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 19 Twelfth-Century Developments in Central Asia 2006

Seljuqs took over Khwarazm, Sogdia, and Bactria from the Ghaznavids and, in 1055, conquered

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 18 The Ghaznavids and Seljuqs 2006

He also took Khwarazm -- corresponding to modern-day northwestern Turkmenistan and western

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 14 The Founding of the First Two Turkic Islamic States 2006

He summoned Persian scholars and writers to Ghazna, enlisting from Khwarazm, for example, Abu Raihan Muhammad ibn-I-Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1048) in his service as court astrologer.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 14 The Founding of the First Two Turkic Islamic States 2006

Qarakhanid Empire to his north, he enlisted the Seljuq Turks in southern Sogdia and Khwarazm to defend his kingdom from Qarakhanid retribution.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 18 The Ghaznavids and Seljuqs 2006

Mongol armies conquered the Turkish empire of Khwarazm (See 1220–23).

c. The Mongol Period 2001

The empire of the Khwarazm-shahs was brought to an end.

1166 2001

Leading a punitive expedition against the Khwarazm-shahs, Chinggis Khan invaded Transoxania and Khurasan.

1166 2001

They had once served the Khwarazm-shahs of central Asia, until the Mongols overran their kingdom in 1220.

1174-93 2001

The dynasty lasted until 1186, and at its height (under Sebuktigin's son Mahmud, 998–1030) it ruled Afghanistan, Khurasan, Khwarazm, and northern India. 990–1096.

b. Iran, Iraq, and Anatolia 2001