Krumen

The Krumen are the watermen or marines generally of Africa, going in companies of greater or less numbers, with one in the lead called

Official Report of the Niger Valley Exploring Party Martin Robinson Delany

At Cape Palmas we engaged thirty so-called Krumen: only seven were ready to accompany us, and the rest came nearly two months behind time.

To The Gold Coast for Gold, Vol. II A Personal Narrative Richard Francis Burton 1855

The highway ended in a depression, where stood the deserted 'Krumen's quarters.'

To The Gold Coast for Gold, Vol. II A Personal Narrative Richard Francis Burton 1855

Republic, it simply gets its revenue in an utterly unjustifiable way out of taxing the Krumen who ship as labourers.

Travels in West Africa 2003

Krumen, considering how close the association is between them and the whites.

Travels in West Africa 2003

Rubber Monopoly, the Liberians became possessed of some ready cash, which, with great foresight, they invested in two little gun-boats which enabled them to enforce their tax on the Krumen in their small canoes.

Travels in West Africa 2003

Africans, but I think unfairly; certainly I have never had to complain of it, and the Krumen often show gratitude for good treatment in a grand way.

Travels in West Africa 2003

I have referred at great length to the Krumen because of their importance, and also because they are the natives the white men have more to do with as servants than any other; but methods of getting on with them are not necessarily applicable to dealing with other forms of African labourers, such as plantation hands in the

Travels in West Africa 2003

I have always admired men for their strength, their courage, their enterprise, their unceasing struggle for the beyond — the something else, but not until I had to deal with Krumen did I realise the vastness to which this latter characteristic of theirs could attain.

Travels in West Africa 2003

Its only rival is perhaps the smallpox, the Grand Kraw – Kraw, as the Krumen graphically call it.

Travels in West Africa 2003