Shang-ti

This deity eventually evolved into the concept of T'ien, or "Heaven," which, as an abstract and impersonal concept, became synonymous with Shang-ti.

truth in religions 2007

In the Shang period (1766-1154 B.C.), oracle bones mention a god, Shang-ti, that ruled over all other divinities as well as over human affairs.

truth in religions 2007

He extended and enlarged the imperial sacrifices, introducing a new god, the Supreme One (T'ai-yi), who was ranked above the Five Lords on High (Shang-ti [q.v. in Glossary] or Wu-ti).

The History of the Former Han Dynasty 1944

In the ensuing discussion carried on in various writings for and against, which did not circulate beyond the circle of the missionaries only one of those working in China declared himself against the use of the name Shang-ti.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock 1840-1916 1913

But in studying the most ancient Chinese books he considered it established that they said of T'ien (Heaven) and Shang-ti (Sovereign Lord) what we say of the true God, that is, they described under these two names

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock 1840-1916 1913

Taoism, or Tao-kiao, was invented by the disciples of Lao-tze, but the lofty theories of this philosopher have denigrated to the grossest superstitions, alchemy, astrology, and a worship of a pantheon of idols, the highest of which is Yu-hwang Shang-ti; the chief of the Taoists resides at Lung-hu-shan (Kiang-si); most of the hierarchy are extremely ignorant.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 3: Brownson-Clairvaux 1840-1916 1913

Shang-ti seems to meet the approval of the majority.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 3: Brownson-Clairvaux 1840-1916 1913

T'ien and Shang-ti to apply to the material heaven; but he showed that this material interpretation does not do justice to the texts and it is at least reasonable to see in them something better.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock 1840-1916 1913

XI, without pronouncing as to the meaning of T'ien and Shang-ti in the ancient Chinese books, forbade, as being open to misconstruction, the use of these names to indicate the true God, and permitted only the T'ien-chu.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock 1840-1916 1913

March, 1693, he addressed to the missionaries of his vicariate a mandate proscribing the names T'ien and Shang-ti; forbidding that

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock 1840-1916 1913