barber-surgeons

Although domestic medicine remained the first line of defense against disease, it was often augmented by "medicine men, diviners, witchsmellers, and shamans, and in due course, by herbalists, birth-attendants, bone-setters, barber-surgeons and healer-priests."

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

The earliest guilds of barber-surgeons date back to the thirteenth century.

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

This is the world of the sick-room, both a physical space abounding with strange tonics and brews, bleedings and leeches, curanderas and barber-surgeons, and saints and virgins, as well as a cultural space complete with its own structures of meaning.

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

The irony of humble barber-surgeons knowing what they were doing, while physicians were practicing sheer quackery, is so rich that it triggers a warning light that we might be stereotyping the past, a sophisticated version of 'medieval people never took baths.'

Early medieval surgical knowledge Carla 2010

Spanish barber-surgeons differed from their northern European counterparts in that they, ostensibly at least, operated under the control of the centralized Protomedicato, and thus were not organized into trade guilds that set their profession apart from other medical practitioners.

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

The majority of the population received primary care not from formally trained and licensed physicians, but from our next large, and rather amorphous, group: the barber-surgeons, midwives, and curanderos — empirically trained, and practically all of whom practiced outside the law.

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

In fact, one recent study argues persuasively that reforms under Philip II created a more positive environment of exchange — of knowledge and techniques — between university educated practitioners and empirically trained barber-surgeons than existed in other countries of Europe at the time. 47

Pestilence and Headcolds: Encountering Illness in Colonial Mexico 2008

Appalled by the crude objects barber-surgeons customarily used to sew up their customers, I'd made three dozen of my own, by selecting the finest embroidery needles I could get, and heating them in forceps over the flame of an alcohol lamp, bending them gently until I had the proper half-moon curve needed for stitching severed tissues.

Dragonfly in Amber Gabaldon, Diana 1992

In France the barber-surgeons were separated from the perruquiers, and incorporated as a distinct body in the reign of Louis XIV.

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 3 "Banks" to "Bassoon" Various

The great nobles were accompanied by their private physicians; the common soldiers doctored themselves, or used the services of barber-surgeons and quacks who accompanied the army as adventurers.

The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology) Various