caliphs

After his death, his successors were known as caliphs, and it was their job to lead the worldwide Muslim community, or ummah.

Blowback Brad Thor 2005

After his death, his successors were known as caliphs, and it was their job to lead the worldwide Muslim community, or ummah.

Blowback Brad Thor 2005

And therewithal he holdeth caliphs, that is a full great thing in their language, and it is as much to say as king.

The Travels of Sir John Mandeville 2004

Muhammad's successors as leader of the Muslim community, called caliphs, conquered most of the Middle Eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire in 634–43 and brought an end to the Sassanid Empire in 637.

III. The Postclassical Period, 500-1500 2001

And if such an adventure is risky for the average person, it was even more so for the caliphs, which is why Harun Ar-Rachid never left pleasure to chance.

Scheherazade Goes West Fatema Mernissi 2001

The successors of Mohammed were called caliphs, and the caliphs of Bagdad and Cordova rivaled each other in fostering learning.

History of Education Levi Seeley 1887

At the end of the first century of the Hegira, the caliphs were the most potent and absolute monarchs of the globe.

History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 5 Edward Gibbon 1765

The true succession of the caliphs was a controversy of a still more delicate nature; and the frankness of

History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 6 Edward Gibbon 1765

At the end of the first century of the Hegira, the caliphs were the most potent and absolute monarchs of the globe.

History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 5 Edward Gibbon 1765

The true succession of the caliphs was a controversy of a still more delicate nature; and the frankness of

History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 6 Edward Gibbon 1765