diwans

This is not an absolute distinction as diwans were also active in the provinces and sarishtadars were found in Kabul.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

They could investigate diwans, sarishtadars, and members of their own constituency.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

Abd al-Rahman relied on a diverse and growing class of accountants, secretaries and clerks, known locally as diwans, sarishtadars and mirzas, to execute his commercial policies and practices.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

In a similar vein, when diwans, sarishtadars, and mirzas replaced one another, accusations of past fraudulent activity regularly ensued.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

Note 3: The Kandahar Newsletters indicate that diwans and mirzas could act as sarishtadars.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

At the highest level, individuals known as diwans presided over the central state account books.

Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier 2008

Cockney bungalow, built by Abbas Pasha of Egypt for his own accommodation; glaringly whitewashed, and garnished with diwans and calico curtains of a gorgeous hue.

Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah 2003

Ali met us upon the staircase, and conducted us into an upper room, where we sat upon diwans, and with pipes and coffee prepared for dinner.

Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah 2003

He created a centralized bureaucracy with divisions (diwans) dedicated to tax collection, correspondence, and the military.

765 2001

The day-to-day administration of each province continued to be run by Byzantine and Sassanid bureaucrats who maintained pre-Islamic governmental divisions (diwans) and conducted official business in Greek and Pahlavi.

c. The Umayyad Caliphate 2001