electro-pneumatic

Before the invention of pneumatic and electro-pneumatic action, organs were almost invariably constructed in a single mass.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

It is generally thought amongst the more advanced of the builders and organists qualified to judge, that the tubular-pneumatic action will sooner or later be entirely abandoned in favor of the electro-pneumatic action.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

(See also note about Joseph Booth, page 129.) [2] Barker was also associated with Péschard, who in 1864 patented jointly with him the electro-pneumatic action.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

The perfecting of tubular pneumatic and especially of electro-pneumatic action has lent wonderful flexibility to the organ and has allowed of instruments being introduced in buildings where it would otherwise have been impossible to locate an organ.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

The organ in the Convocation Hall of the University of Toronto has 4 manuals of 61 notes, CC to c | 4 |; pedals of 32 notes, CCC to g; electro-pneumatic action; 76 speaking stops; 32 couplers, and 4,800 pipes.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

The invention of the pneumatic lever by Barker in 1832; and the electro-pneumatic action, by Péschard in 1866; and,

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

The action throughout is electro-pneumatic and tubular-pneumatic

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

He replaced previous rule-of-thumb methods by scientific calculation, recognized the value of low voltage, good insulation and the avoidance of self-induction, with the result that the electro-pneumatic action has become (when properly made) as reliable as the tracker or pneumatic lever mechanism.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

Roosevelt was also the pioneer in using electro-pneumatic action here.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller

Undoubtedly the first improvements to be named must be the pneumatic and electro-pneumatic actions.

The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments George Laing Miller