expert system

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun A program that uses available information, heuristics, and inference to suggest solutions to problems in a particular discipline.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun computing A type of artificially intelligent software system, which stores expertise concerning some subject matter in a knowledge base and attempts to answer questions or solve problems in a manner which simulates the thought processes of a human expert.