hyperspeckled

Upon entering the nucleus, AR then organizes into thousands of discrete but unstable foci (referred to as the hyperspeckled pattern), interacts with coregulators and members of the general transcriptional apparatus, and regulates gene expression by interacting with androgen response elements associated with androgen-regulated genes.

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008

These data suggest the presence of post-translational modification (s) and / or long-lasting interactions in the nucleus sufficient to retain AR, also sufficient to cause continued nuclear import of the receptor, but not sufficient to maintain the hyperspeckled pattern.

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008

The correlation between formation of the hyperspeckled pattern and transcriptional reporter gene activity lends further support to the concept that this pattern represents an increased trend toward protein complex formation and transcriptional regulation.

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008

By having the ability to compare how compounds affect each of the measurements, we were not only able to reiterate that compounds such as R1881 are powerful AR agonists, but also that formation of the hyperspeckled pattern associated with agonist bound nuclear receptors is a distinct mechanistic step from nuclear translocation and occurs only at

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008

The microscopic model of antagonist-treated-AR has similarities, such as induction of nuclear translocation, and differences, including a diminished hyperspeckled pattern and repressed transcription function

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008

The ability to measure the hyperspeckled patterning is important because it is thought to represent the formation of transient protein complexes by the receptor as it scans the DNA for androgen response elements A.

PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Adam T. Szafran et al. 2008