Definitions
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun biochemistry A
transcription cofactor of theserum response factor
Etymologies
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Examples
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Further analysis revealed that miR-143 and miR-145 are directly controlled by a protein called myocardin, which itself is sufficient to "reprogram" an adult non-muscle cell into a VSMC.
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SRF anchors to certain snippets of DNA, while myocardin turns on the genes to which SRF sticks.
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"The finding that a microRNA controls levels of myocardin, the master regulator of VSM. identity and function, forms the starting point in efforts to design new classes of treatment for vascular diseases that represent leading causes of death," said Joseph M. M.ano, Ph. D., associate professor within the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute at the University of Rochester M.dical Center, and a study author.
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These findings suggest that miR-143 and miR-145 - in partnership with myocardin - maintain the normal balance between mature VSMC and their precursors.
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Most of the genes turned on by myocardin/SRF in VSMC are needed for normal function.
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When levels of myocardin decrease, as they do for some reason in vascular diseases like atherosclerosis, VSMC no longer work normally and vessel thickening ensues.
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Furthermore, the activation of these microRNAs by myocardin was a necessary event for myocardin to induce the VSMC fate.
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Past studies in Rochester have shown that transition of VSMC from fast-proliferating stem cells to mature cells and back is largely controlled by two proteins, myocardin and serum response factor (SRF), as part of a regulatory network that influences many genes.
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The discovery that miR-145 encourages the expression of myocardin could explain why myocardin may occur in higher levels in Alzheimer's disease, which is turning out to be a problem of "vascular plumbing."
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Ph.D. found that when SRF and myocardin are active, amyloid beta accumulates in VSMC lining blood vessels.
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