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Examples
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Protein-coding messenger RNA molecules serve as templates for the production of proteins in cells, while a variety of non-coding RNA molecules are known that do not produce protein but are known either to regulate gene expression directly or to carry out other functions in the cell.
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The importance of non-coding RNA sequences became known relatively recently as time frames go.
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But many researchers have questioned whether the rest of the apparently non-coding RNA made in cells serves any function at all.
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One of these, suggested by Cai at al. (the subject of one of the earlier essays), involved the adaptation of a gene encoding an evolutionarily-conserved non-coding RNA via the appearance, by mutation, of appropriate translation initiation and termination (“start” and “stop”) codons.
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One of these, suggested by Cai at al. (the subject of one of the earlier essays), involved the adaptation of a gene encoding an evolutionarily-conserved non-coding RNA via the appearance, by mutation, of appropriate translation initiation and termination (“start” and “stop”) codons.
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The non-coding DNA, which makes up about 95% of the human genome, is called junk DNA, the functions of which are not completely understood.
Santhosh Mathew, PhD: Silence of the Aliens PhD Santhosh Mathew 2010
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The non-coding DNA, which makes up about 95% of the human genome, is called junk DNA, the functions of which are not completely understood.
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And that scientist would also say that it is too early to make any conclusive statements about the functionality of the remaining non-coding DNA elements.
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The genomes of closely related species have revealed very few genes added from non-coding DNA, and all of the structural RNA we've found has very specific sequence requirements.
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There are also several hundred other non-coding, presumably regulatory, sequences that are unique to humans and are fixed throughout our population.
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