nonmonotonicity

(Most voting methods do not exhibit this anomaly called nonmonotonicity - it is shocking that anyone would implement such a gambling method of voting where voters can never know whether their votes will help or rather hurt their favorite candidate's chances of winning.) * IRV can and does elect winners who are disliked by a majority of voters and choses losers who are approved by the majority.

unknown title 2009

All forms of circumscription involve restricting attention to models in which certain sets are minimized; for this reason, circumscription can be grouped with the preferred models approaches to nonmonotonicity: see

Logic and Artificial Intelligence Thomason, Richmond 2008

The motivations for nonmonotonicity seem to involve a number of complex factors; probability (perhaps in some qualitative sense), normality, expectations that are reasonable in the sense that one can't be reasonably blamed for having them, mutual acceptance, and factors having to do with limited rationality.

Logic and Artificial Intelligence Thomason, Richmond 2008

The TMS also provided specific intuitions: the idea that the key to nonmonotonicity has to do with inferences based on unprovability was important for the modal approaches to nonmonotonic logic and for default logic.

Logic and Artificial Intelligence Thomason, Richmond 2008

Unlike the other seminal papers in nonmonotonic logic, Reiter's shows specific influence from the earlier and independent work on nonmonotonicity in logic programming ” the work seems to have been largely inspired by the need to provide logical foundations for the nonmonotonic reasoning found in deductive databases.

Logic and Artificial Intelligence Thomason, Richmond 2008

This treatment of nonmonotonicity is similar to the earlier modal semantic theories of conditionals ” the similarities are particularly evident using the more general theories of conditional semantics, such as the one presented in

Logic and Artificial Intelligence Thomason, Richmond 2008