Cetraria

Similar experiments with three lichen species, '' Cladonia arbuscula '', '' Cetraria islandica '', and '' Stereocaulon paschale '', failed to show any response of fluorescence yield to enhanced CO2 concentration (1000 ppm), although there was an interaction between CO2 and UV-B radiation levels [105].

Phenotypic responses of arctic species to changes in climate and ultraviolet-B radiation 2009

The highest level is tundra dominated by cyperus Kobresia sibirica and peaty meadows of sedge Carex spp. with stone birch Betula ermanii on stony talus, and lichen Cladonia - or Cetraria-covered rocks and cliffs. 600 species of vascular plants have been recorded including 20 species of flowering plants.

Lake Baikal Basin, Russian Federation 2008

ICELAND MOSS (_Cetraria islandica_) combines valuable alimentary and medicinal properties.

The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. P. L. Simmonds

Lichenin is a variety of starch occurring in _Cetraria islandica_, or

The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. P. L. Simmonds

The principal food of the reindeer in the barren grounds consists of the Cetraria nivalis and cucullata, Cenomyce rangiferina, Cornicularia ochrileuca, and other lichens, and they also eat the hay or dry grass which is found in the swamps in autumn.

The Journey to the Polar Sea John Franklin 1816

These include ginseng (Panax ginseng), astragalus (A. membranicus), and suma (Pfaffia paniculata), taken to tonify energy; dong quai (Angelica sinensis) and yellow dock root (Rumex crispus), taken to tonify blood; rehmannia root (Rehmannia glutinosa), American ginseng (P. quinquefolia), ophiopogon (O. japonicus) and lycii berries (Lycium chinensis), Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica), taken to tonify body essence.

THE NATURAL REMEDY BIBLE JOHN LUST 2003

North America as food for cattle; the Iceland Moss (_Cetraria

The plant-lore & garden-craft of Shakespeare Henry Nicholson Ellacombe 1868