Saiva

• “The Tamil classical tradition consists of two great components: an ethical treatise called Thirukural abbreviated Kural, authored by the great sage Thiruvalluvar, and a sophisticated Vedanta philosophical system called Saiva Siddhanta, which traces its origins to the Vedas and was nurtured by many Tamil savants over the centuries.”

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• “The south, however, placed its own impress on what it received and developed linga-worship, bhakti devotion to Vishnu and Siva, organization of Saiva monasteries and laymen, occasional violent religious intolerance, especially between adherents of Vishnu and Siva, and municipal and corporate life with a sacrificial spirit of personal loyalty.”

  c. South India

• “He also built (c. 1169) a new edifice about the Saiva temple of Somanatha, which had been reconstructed by Bhimadeva I (1022–62) after destruction by the Moslems.”

  3. South Asia, 1000-1500

• “The Chalukya ruler, Jayasimha Siddharaja, a patron of letters, although himself a Saiva, organized disputations on philosophy and religion, and favored a Jain monk, Hemachandra, who converted and dominated Kumarapala.”

  3. South Asia, 1000-1500

• “Ajayapala, a Saiva reactionary, ordered the massacre of Jains and the sacking of their temples, until he was assassinated.”

  3. South Asia, 1000-1500

• “So too the Saiva and Vaishnava sculptures of the Das Avatara cave-temple at Ellora.”

  c. South India

• “A successful invasion of Ceylon permitted assignment of Singhalese revenues to the Saiva great pagoda of Rajarajesvara, which Rajaraja I built at Tanjore, the masterpiece of baroque Dravidian architecture.”

  c. South India

• “It records the erection of a Saiva temple and sectarian hostel.”

  c. 870-88

• “As viceroy before accession, he was converted from Jainism to Vishnu by Ramanuja, at that time a refugee from Saiva persecution by the Cholas.”

  1076-1147

• “To the same Canarese dynasty, if not to the same reign, belong the equally classic Saiva sculptures of the cave-temples at Elephanta (an island in Bombay harbor).”

  753-973

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