Definitions
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Examples
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Introduced weeds such as gorse (Ulex europaeus), Chilean guava (Ugni molinae), and marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) are all problematic as well.
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On the coastline, heathlands with Ulex gallii occur, adapted to local ecological conditions of wind and sea spray.
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For example, fires were once frequent around Wellington on cleared land that had become covered with gorse (Ulex europaeus), a fire-adapted, introduced species.
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Gorse (Ulex europaeus) is the most invasive and has reached more pristine areas such as the Gouland Downs.
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In general, heathlands with Ericaceae (Calluna, Erica, and Ulex spp.) have replaced natural forests.
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Above the timber line, high mountain summits are mainly characterized by endemic-rich cushion scrub communities, where dwarf Juniper, broom and heather species (Genista legionensis, G. occidentalis, Arctostaphylos crassifolia, Daboecia cantabrica, Erica mackaiana, Ulex gallii) predominate in meadows, peat bogs and rock plant communities.
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Allied to the Broom, and likewise belonging to the Papilionaceous order of leguminous plants, though not affording any known medicinal principle, the Yellow Gorse (_Ulex_) or Furze grows commonly throughout England on dry exposed plains.
Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure William Thomas Fernie
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Patches of gorse (_Ulex Europæa_) — that idol of Linnæus and ornament of our English and Cambrian wastes — grow freely on the higher grounds, rivalling the purple heath in their golden bloom, and shrubs of warmer climates in their sweet perfume.
Rambles in the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia with Notices of their History, Antiquities, and Present Condition. Thomas Forester
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From shoulder to shoulder he measured several ells and his rocklike mountainous knees were covered, as was likewise the rest of his body wherever visible, with a strong growth of tawny prickly hair in hue and toughness similar to the mountain gorse (_Ulex Europeus_).
Ulysses James Joyce 1911
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Often, when leaves are lacking in the adult plant, being replaced by flattened stalks as in the case of the acacias, or by thorns, or green stems and twigs as in the prickly broom or _Ulex europaeus_, the first leaves of the young plant may be more highly differentiated, being pinnate in the first case and bearing three leaflets in the second instance.
Species and Varieties, Their Origin by Mutation Hugo de Vries 1891
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