aristate

“The _third_ and _fourth glumes_ are half-amplexicaul, empty, epaleate, flabelliform, 4-lobed, 7-nerved, shortly awned at the back, villous; the side lobes are acuminate or aristate and the central lobes are shortly awned.”

A Handbook of Some South Indian Grasses

“The second glume is narrow lanceolate, longer than the first, 3 - to 5-nerved, hispidly villous dorsally below the middle and on the sides, aristate or awned.”

A Handbook of Some South Indian Grasses

“The third glume is oblong lanceolate, hyaline, acute or aristate, 1-nerved, male or neuter, with a linear palea.”

A Handbook of Some South Indian Grasses

“The _second glume_ is longer than the first, 1/5 inch long, sub-chartaceous, lanceolate, 3-nerved, 2-fid at the tip and awned or aristate, margin hyaline and with long brownish hairs on the marginal nerves.”

A Handbook of Some South Indian Grasses

“Curious transformation in Carthamus was observed, either affecting the involucrum alone, when those branches that would have become flowers become clavate, covered with very dense aristate leaves, or affecting the florets which become more or less converted in the branches.”

Journals of Travels in Assam, Burma, Bhootan, Afghanistan and the Neighbouring Countries