candlefish

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun An oily edible fish (Thaleichthys pacificus) of northern Pacific waters, formerly dried and used as a torch by Native Americans.

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun The eulachon, Thaleichthys pacificus, an anadromous, deep-sea, solmonoid fish of the smelt family, Argentinidæ, resembling a smelt in form, but with weaker dentition, smaller scales, dusky coloration, and attaining a length of nearly a foot.
• noun An acanthopterygian fish of the west coast of North America, Anoplopoma fimbria, type of the family Anoplopomidæ, resembling a pollock, and attaining a length of 20 inches and a weight of 5 pounds. See Anoplopomidæ. Also called black candle-fish, horse-mackerel, and beshow.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

• noun A marine fish (Thaleichthys Pacificus), allied to the smelt, found on the north Pacific coast; -- called also eulachon. It is so oily that, when dried, it may be used as a candle, by drawing a wick through it.
• noun The beshow.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun An oily edible fish, Thaleichthys pacificus, from the northern Pacific, that was once dried and used as a candle or torch by the Chinook indians