carboniferous

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The chief other fishes of the coal era are named palaeothrissum, palaeoniscus, diperdus Coal strata are nearly confined to the group termed the carboniferous formation.

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  1. Containing or yielding carbon or coal. In geology, almost exclusively used in designating that assemblage of strata from which the coal of England, France, Germany, and the United States is for the most part obtained. The Carboniferous series is of the Paleozoic age, and is the most recent portion of the Paleozoic. It is overlaid by the Permian rocks, which belong to the closing era of the Carboniferous age, and is underlaid by the Devonian. The Carboniferous, over large areas both in Europe and North America, is separable into three more or less distinct groups: the coal-measures, the millstone-grit, and the mountain limestone. The first of these three is a series of shales and clays, with which the coal-beds themselves are inter-stratified. This part of the series is sometimes several thousand feet in thickness, and the number and thickness of the intercalated coal-beds differ greatly in different regions. The millstone-grit is a detrital rock ordinarily quite silicious, and assuming all degrees of fineness, from that of a fine-grained gritstone to that of a coarse conglomerate. Its thickness varies greatly in various regions. The mountain limestone is a calcareous rock, often rich in fossils of marine origin, and sometimes having a thickness of over 3,000 feet. See coal, coal-measures, millstone-grit, and mountain limestone (under limestone). [In technical use, commonly with a capital.]

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Words tagged carboniferous

haplophlebium · phlegethontia · spirifer · psarolite · psammodont · petalodont · mitrate · stethacanthus · rugosa · graptolite · pelycosaur

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Etymologies (1)

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  1. from Latin carbo(n-), coal, + ferre = English bear.
 

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