chromatid

Some cellular mutations occuring in transformed cells may even be virus-induced, because in the early stages of transformation by papova viruses cells of primary cultures have frequent chromatid breaks (39).

Renato Dulbecco - Nobel Lecture 1992

In the spore, passage to opposite poles of the two centromeres of this newly created dicentric chromosome again produced a chromatid bridge that was again ruptured.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

Entrance of a newly ruptured end of a chromosome into the zygote is followed by the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle throughout mitoses in the developing plant.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

It was soon learned that the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle, initiated at a meiotic anaphase, will continue during the development of the pollen grain and the embryo sac.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

When no telomere is present, attempts to replicate this uncapped end may be responsible for the apparent "fusions" of the replicated chromatids at the position of the previous break as well as for perpetuating the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle in successive mitoses.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

The rupture occurred, in the first instance, at a meiotic anaphase in each parent, and the ruptured end then underwent the succession of mitotic anaphase breaks associated with the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle during the development of the male and female gametophytes -- the pollen grain and the embryo sac.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

The terminalizing chromatid strands cannot pass through the nucleolus.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

Significantly, this is only two mitoses removed from the initiation of the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

Therefore, these stocks were used to test if a presumed silent Dt element could be activated by the chromatid type of breakage-fusion-bridge cycle.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983

In the following anaphase, passage of the centromeres to opposite poles would produce two chromatid bridges.

Nobel Lecture The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge 1983