Definitions
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.
- noun A tiny vesicle created and released from the plasma membrane of various types of cells, especially immune cells, and capable of inducing antigen-specific immune responses.
- noun A cellular protein complex containing enzymes that degrade nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun biology A
vesicle responsible for the selective removal ofplasma membrane proteins
Etymologies
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Examples
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In their study, published in the Dec. 28 issue of Cell, the scientists zoomed in on a specific subclass of transcripts that are under the control of the exosome, a molecular machine in charge of controlled RNA degradation.
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ESI is focused on the development of exosome-targeted products and services that improve cancer diagnosis, provide post-treatment cancer surveillance, and aid in the discovery of biomarkers that allow doctors to optimize patient therapy.
Aethlon Medical to Host Investor Event on January 20, 2011 - Yahoo! Finance 2011
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They then fused the exosomes with targeting proteins from the rabies virus, which binds to acetylcholine receptors in brain cells, so the exosome would target the brain.
BBC News - Home 2011
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The resulting design provides us the novel ability to separate both exosome and viral targets away from blood cells so they can then be selectively and permanently removed from the circulatory system.
Aethlon Medical to Host Investor Event on January 20, 2011 - Yahoo! Finance 2011
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Houseley J, Saveanu C, Petfalski E, Thompson E, et al. (2005) RNA degradation by the exosome is promoted by a nuclear polyadenylation complex.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Clément Bellemer et al. 2010
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High instability of a subset of lncRNAs both in yeast and mammals mainly depends on degradation by the nuclear exosome
PLoS Biology: New Articles Francesca De Santa et al. 2010
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Since the yield of exosomes by differential centrifugation can be increased by chemical reduction, Tamm-Horsfall protein may be a suitable normalizing variable for urinary exosome studies when quantitative urine collections are not practical.
Naturejobs - All Jobs Patricia Fernández-Llama 2010
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Nielsen J, Kammler S, Lykke-Andersen S, Christensen M. S, et al. (2008) RNA exosome depletion reveals transcription upstream of active human promoters.
PLoS Biology: New Articles Francesca De Santa et al. 2010
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Since the yield of exosomes by differential centrifugation can be increased by chemical reduction, Tamm-Horsfall protein may be a suitable normalizing variable for urinary exosome studies when quantitative urine collections are not practical.
Naturejobs - All Jobs Patricia Fernández-Llama 2010
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This degradation pathway could involve the TRAMP complex and the exosome
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Clément Bellemer et al. 2010
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The second-most name-checked therapy on the horizon is the use of exosomes, which use the same mRNA technology seen in the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Explains Wasserbauer, "Exosomes contain mRNA, which is the same type of 'messenger RNA' that COVID-19 vaccines are using to tell cells what to do to recognize the virus. Messenger RNA can tell a cell to do many different things like grow, shrink, or produce a certain protein." Halaas (who co-authored a paper reviewing its therapeutic potential) calls it "by far the most exciting treatment in recent years."
The Future of Hair Loss Treatments Will Involve a Lot More Robots Condé Nast 2021
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