fennel-flower

“The seeds of some species of fennel-flower (_Nigella sativa_ and _arvensis_), natives of the south of Europe, were formerly used instead of pepper, and are said to be still extensively employed in adulterating it.”

The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c.