freeze-thaw

• “Neutered males are more able to break through ice with their hooves or antlers, and seem more willing than other males to move aside and share food with calves that can die of starvation in bad freeze-thaw winters like 2000-01.”

  The Huffington Post: Castrated Reindeer Adapt Better To Climate Change

• “The first letter argues that factors such as grassland degradation or changes in the freeze-thaw patterns could be driving the change in springtime.”

  The Huffington Post: David Kroodsma: This Week in Climate Science: Iceberg Tsunamis, Economics of Geoengineering, Arctic Ecosystems

• “In the first few years with no heat, pipes burst all over town, the freeze-thaw cycle moves indoors, and things start to seriously deteriorate.”

  Alan Weisman speaks about his groundbreaking book, The World Without Us

• “Later, we learned from biologists that this is due to unusual freeze-thaw cycles caused by global warming.”

  The Huffington Post: Subhankar Banerjee: House Rhetoricians vs. Santa's Reindeers

• “And we have had a couple of freeze-thaw cycles so the whole lot is fused together and going no place fast.”

  Making Light: Like an ice storm, only with more volume

• “Still, these products do contribute to freeze-thaw cycles by creating water from frozen precipitation.”

  Consumer Reports: Can a deicer damage my driveway and harm my plants?

• “Those surfaces usually are damaged by freeze-thaw cycles and not directly by chemical reactions between them and snow melts/deicers.”

  Consumer Reports: Can a deicer damage my driveway and harm my plants?

• “If climate change results in more frequent freeze-thaw events leading to a more shallow and icy snowpack (section 6.4.4), this is likely to expose small mammals to predators, disrupt population increases, and thereby prevent cyclic peak abundances of lemmings and voles.”

  Effects of changes in climate and UV radiation levels on structure of arctic ecosystems in the short and long term

• “Climatic changes of special concern for indigenous communities include weather variability and predictability; the extent, thickness, and quality of sea ice; the extent, duration, and hardness of snow cover; freeze-thaw cycles (particularly in autumn, when a layer of ice on the ground may be produced and last all winter, blocking access to forage for grazing animals); sudden changes in wind direction; and changes in the strength and frequency of winds and storms Chapter 3.”

  Outlook for improving climate change projections for the Arctic

• “The common themes and concerns in this chapter – increased variability in weather, changes in wind patterns, changes in sea ice and snow, more freeze-thaw cycles, more and stronger storms – are topics that are not well addressed in typical climate models (see Chapter 4).”

  Conclusions on Indigenous Perspectives on the Changing Arctic

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