holist

• “Part of what has contributed to the conflation of these two problems is the holist presuppositions of those who originally made them famous.”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “But if we give up such extreme holist views of evidence, meaning, and/or confirmation, the two problems take on very different identities, with very different considerations in favor of taking them seriously, very different consequences, and very different candidate solutions.”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “In fact, there is an important connection between this lacuna in Laudan's famous discussion and the further uses made of the thesis of underdetermination by sociologists of scientific knowledge, feminist epistemologists, and other vocal champions of holist underdetermination.”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “Perhaps it is unsurprising that such holist underdetermination has often been taken to pose a threat to the fundamental rationality of the scientific enterprise.”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “This is clearly evident in Duhem's original writings concerning so-called crucial experiments, where he seeks to show that even when we explicitly suspend any concerns about holist underdetermination, the contrastive variety remains an obstacle to our discovery of truth in theoretical science:”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “Although it is also a form of underdetermination, what we described in Section 1 above as contrastive underdetermination raises fundamentally different issues from the holist variety considered in Section 2.”

  Underdetermination of Scientific Theory

• “But he does not engage in a moral defence of the ideology of liberalism; rather his strategy is the much deeper one of showing that totalitarianism is typically based upon historicist and holist presuppositions, and of demonstrating that these presuppositions are fundamentally incoherent.”

  Karl Popper

• “To emphasize relations between Forms, starting from the relation of the Good to all Forms, lends credence to the view that Plato is an epistemological holist.”

  Plato's Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology

• “The holist program seems to entail that one can continue to add to beliefs about Beauty, where one is deploying the empirical concept, until one in a proper justificatory exercise acquires all the appropriately related beliefs about properties.”

  Plato's Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology

• “It is worth noting that in Quine's writings there are at least two holist themes.”

  Indispensability Arguments in the Philosophy of Mathematics

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