Definitions
from The Century Dictionary.
- Produced by or inducing increased rapidity of osmosis.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- adjective
hypertonic - adjective Of or pertaining to
hyperosmolarity
Etymologies
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
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Examples
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Wang XT, Cai H, Leung SW, Guggino SE (2007) Characterization of endogenous betaine gamma-amino-n-butyric acid cotransporter glycoform and its hyperosmotic regulation in MDCK cells.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Chang-Jin Park et al. 2010
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Wang XT, Cai H, Leung SW, Guggino SE (2007) Characterization of endogenous betaine gamma-amino-n-butyric acid cotransporter glycoform and its hyperosmotic regulation in MDCK cells.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Chang-Jin Park et al. 2010
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Fig. 7B, hyperosmotic medium significantly increases NF-κB
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Whilst the luminal fluid in the descending limb becomes increasingly hyperosmotic down the length of the limb, the fluid in the ascending limb becomes increasingly hypotonic, as sodium, potassium and chloride are being removed with the aid of the Na+ / K+-2Cl - cotransport system in the apical membrane.
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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are multi-factorial diseases typically associated with relapsing diarrhea, which is caused by increased paracellular permeability of the intestinal epithelial lining and an intestinal hyperosmotic environment
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These data demonstrate that Sp1 has an important role in the basal expression of SPAK, and Sp1 and NF-κB have important roles in the transcriptional regulation of SPAK expression under hyperosmotic conditions.
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Ferraris JD, Dmitrieva NI (2007) Cellular response to hyperosmotic stresses.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Katherine Drews-Elger et al. 2009
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Whilst the luminal fluid in the descending limb becomes increasingly hyperosmotic down the length of the limb, the fluid in the ascending limb becomes increasingly hypotonic, as sodium, potassium and chloride are being removed with the aid of the Na+ / K+-2Cl - cotransport system in the apical membrane.
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Mak SK, Kultz D (2004) Gadd45 proteins induce G2 / M arrest and modulate apoptosis in kidney cells exposed to hyperosmotic stress.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Katherine Drews-Elger et al. 2009
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Whilst the luminal fluid in the descending limb becomes increasingly hyperosmotic down the length of the limb, the fluid in the ascending limb becomes increasingly hypotonic, as sodium, potassium and chloride are being removed with the aid of the Na+ / K+-2Cl - cotransport system in the apical membrane.
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