in effect

• “THE LOYAL OPPOSITION SPEAKSSaddam Hussein in effect has thumbed his nose at the world community.”

  Simon & Schuster: Mission Accomplished! Or How We Won the War in Iraq

• “Instead, I accompanied McPherson to the Agency for International Development AID, our main program of bilateral foreign economic assistance, in effect the descendant of the Marshall Plan.”

  Simon & Schuster: Surrender is not an Option

• “The gravamen of Smith's letter was that he had been "overslaughed by wholesale," that he had in effect commanded a corps at Manassas during the winter of 1861–62, and that, when his juniors were promoted over him, he became convinced that he was not "respected, supported and confided in by the government to an extent sufficient" to authorize his remaining in service.”

  Simon & Schuster: LEE’S LIEUTENANTS

• “Instead, Clinton delegated much of the foreign policy business to his advisersleaving one frustrated top national security aide to suggest wryly that Tony Lake, Clintons NSC adviser, was in effect the president for foreign policy.”

  Simon & Schuster: In the Shadow of the Oval Office

• “One ingenious English argument, in contravention of these views, was that the colonists, like “nine tenths of the people of Britain” most of them unpropertied who did not choose their own representatives, were in effect represented in Parliament by those elected.”

  Simon & Schuster: Angel in the Whirlwind

• “Although London utilized one of our military satellites to communicate with its fleet as it headed for the Falk-lands, this was done under an agreement that had been in effect long before the crisis.”

  Simon & Schuster: An American Life

• “On October 31, 1941 Leigh Noyes, the Director of Naval Communications, wrote that the AD code was in effect until October 1940 and that it was used by all Japanese naval units for administrative matters not covered by special systems.”

  Simon & Schuster: DAY OF DECEIT

• “According to Japanese naval records, the 5-Num code in effect from July 1, 1941 to December 4, 1941 was known as Ango Sho D Navy Code Book D, additive version 7.”

  Simon & Schuster: DAY OF DECEIT

• “There was, in addition, a fourth corps under Dick Anderson, though after Christmas 1864 it contained only four brigades—Elliott's, Gracie's, Matt Ransom's, and Wise's—and was in effect Beauregard's old command from the defenses of Charleston.”

  Simon & Schuster: LEE’S LIEUTENANTS

• “FASB-52 required that all foreign currency revenue and expense items be translated at the rate in effect when those items were recognized.”

  Simon & Schuster: Strategic Management in Developing Countries Case Studies

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