leaf-butterfly

“Then there is the curious leaf-butterfly, which has a marvellous resemblance to a dead leaf with its wings folded over the back and showing the underside only, the leaf-stalk veins being excellently mimicked.”

The Heart of Nature or, The Quest for Natural Beauty

“The leaf-butterfly _Kallima_, conspicuously coloured on its upper surface, is like a withered leaf when it settles down and shows the under side of its wings.”

The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told

“And it is to be noted that it is by no means only external parts that are changed; internal parts are _always_ modified at the same time -- for instance, the delicate elements of the nervous system on which depend the _instinct_ of the insect to hold its wings, when at rest, in a perfectly definite position, which, in the leaf-butterfly, has the effect of bringing the two pieces on which the marking occurs on the anterior and posterior wing into the same direction, and thus displaying as a whole the fine curve of the midrib on the seeming leaf.”

Evolution in Modern Thought