mercerised

Such effects have had a considerable vogue in recent years, but it was not until the discovery of the lustreing effect resulting from the association of the mercerising actions with the condition of strain or tension of the yarn or fabric that the industry in 'mercerised' goods was started on the lines which have led to the present colossal development.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

The work concludes with a section devoted to a description of the various practical systems of mercerisation of yarns in general practice in Germany, and an account of the methods adopted in dyeing the mercerised yarns.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

Egyptian when mercerised without tension, under varying conditions as regards the essential factors of the treatment -- viz. (1) concentration of the alkaline lye, (2) temperature, and (3) duration of action (the latter being of subordinate moment): --

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

_Elasticity_, as measured by the extension under the breaking load, remains about the same in yarns mercerised under strain, but when allowed to shrink under mercerisation there is an increase of

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

The fluidity is increased by starting from a cotton which has been previously mercerised.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

The authors, after investigation, are inclined to attribute the lustre of mercerised cotton to the absence of the cuticle, which is destroyed and removed in the process, partly by the chemical action of the alkali, and partly by the stretching at one or other stage of the process.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

It was found that, on washing the alkali from the mercerised jute, and further purifying the residue, this latter yielded only 4.2 p.ct. furfural [3.4 p.ct. on original fibre].

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

The specific relationship of these forms of cellulose to the colouring matters are in the main those of cotton, but they manifest in the dye-bath the somewhat intensified attraction which characterises mercerised cotton, or more generally the cellulose hydrates.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

Cotton, lustreing effect of mercerisation, 23; mercerised, structural properties of, 25; pentosane content of, 148

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross

The influence of the chemical factors is also emphasised by the increased dyeing capacity of the mercerised goods, which effect, moreover, is independent of those conditions of strain or tension under mercerisation which determine lustre.

Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 C. F. Cross