picoline

Definitions

n. Any of three isomeric liquids, C₅H₄N(CH₃), derived from coal tar, horse urine, and bone oil and used as an industrial solvent.

n. Methylpyridine, C₅H₄-N.CH₃, an oily basic liquid formed by the dry distillation of coal, and also made synthetically. There are three varieties, α-, β-, and γ-picoline, which boil at 129°, 143.5°, and 142.5–144.5° C., respectively. Alpha-picoline is found in bone-oil. All three varieties have a strong odor resembling pyridine; they attack organic substances and are strong bases.

n. organic chemistry Any of three isomeric methyl derivatives of pyridine, analogous to toluene

n. (Chem.) Any one of three isometric bases (C6H7N) related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; -- called also methyl pyridine.

Latin pix, pic-, pitch + -ol1 + -ine2. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)

“Besides his doctor's dissertation, about this period he published work on picoline and, in conjunction with Dobbie, on the decomposition products of the quinine alkaloids (1878-1879).”

Sir William Ramsay - Biography
“When nicotine vapor is passed through a red-hot tube, it yields essentially collidine, and, with this, some pyridine, picoline, lutidine, and gases such as hydrogen, marsh-gas, and ethylene.”

Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883
“Pyridine, picoline, lutidine, and collidine, the first four members of the pyridine series, have, moreover, all been formed synthetically, although the processes are not such as would yield the products as cheaply as they can be gotten from”

Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883
“In smoking, some of the nicotine is decomposed, forming pyridine, picoline, and other poisonous alkaloids.”

Hygienic Physiology : with Special Reference to the Use of Alcoholic Drinks and Narcotics
“In its synthesis 1,000 grammes of picoline were first converted into alphapicoline, 380 grammes being obtained.”

Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887
“Together, these projects provided a 35\% increase in capacity for beta picoline, a key raw material input used to produce 3-cyanopyridine and vitamin B3.”

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