regelation

• “These philosophers have discovered that when ice is subjected to great pressure it melts, and that, when the pressure is removed, the part so melted immediately freezes again -- hence the name regelation, or re-freezing, is given to the process.”

  Rivers of Ice

• “There were also differences because the alternative media were prepared to defy press restrictions while the mainstream newspapers, despite their power, continued to support shameful special agreements with the South African police, the SADF, the South African Department of Prisons - a regime of rigorous self censorship that protected the Pretoria Government against regelation of its worst excesses.”

  Address by Comrade President Nelson R Mandela to the International Federation of Newspaper Publishers Conference

• “If it be contended that ice at 32° does break, and that therefore the whole mass of the glacier may break at that temperature, setting aside the contradiction to the facts of regelation which such an assumption involves, I would refer to Dr. Tyndall's experiments concerning the vacuous spots in the ice.”

  The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 74, December, 1863

• “Faraday concerning regelation, and the application of the facts made known by the great English physicist to the theory of the glaciers, as first presented by Dr. Tyndall in his admirable work, show that fragments of ice with most surfaces are readily reunited under pressure into a solid mass.”

  The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 74, December, 1863

• “I question, however, the statement, that regelation takes place”

  The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 74, December, 1863

• “We know that at 32° Fahrenheit, regelation renders the mass continuous, and that it becomes brittle only at a temperature below this.”

  The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 74, December, 1863

• “In the minute needles formed at the surface of the water the tendency to adhere would be much the same as in larger masses touching at points only, while the external forces acting upon them would be extremely small in proportion, and regelation would often occur, and of the immense number of the needles of ice formed at the surface enough would adhere to produce the effect which we observe and call anchor ice.”

  Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881

• “When a piece of ice of considerable size comes in contact under water with ice or other substance, it would usually touch in an area very small in proportion to its mass, and other forces acting upon it, and tending to move it, would usually exceed the freezing force, and regelation would not take place.”

  Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881

• “I think, is a satisfactory explanation of the manner in which the ice formed at the surface finds its way to the bottom; its adherence to the bottom, I think, is explained by the phenomenon of _regelation_, first observed by Faraday; he found that when the wetted surfaces of two pieces of ice were pressed together they froze together, and that this took place under water even when above the freezing point.”

  Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881

• “Faraday, who discovered this property, called it the regelation of ice; the explanation of this phenomenon has been much controverted; I have detailed to you that which I consider most satisfactory.”

  Ice and Glaciers

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