superstrate

Definitions

noun A layer or stratum adjacent and parallel to another.
noun physics The sudden increase in the electrical conductivity of some metals as their temperature falls to near absolute zero.
noun The covering on the sunny side of a photovoltaic (PV) module, providing protection for the PV materials from impact and environmental degradation while allowing maximum transmission of the appropiate wavelengths of the solar spectrum.
noun linguistics Alternative form of superstratum.
verb To arrange in parallel layers or strata.

noun the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language
noun any stratum or layer superimposed on another

Sorry, no etymologies found.

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This may or may not be tied into debate about the genesis of pidgins, with one school of thought claiming there was a single source (monogenesis) and one arguing that pidgins arose separately (polygenesis) (a second battle is over substrate, superstrate, or bio-program, a glossary to figure out the terminology is here)

languagehat.com: ANYONE FOR SALISHAN? 2004