espalier

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

1. n. A tree or shrub that is trained to grow in a flat plane against a wall, often in a symmetrical pattern.
2. n. A trellis or other framework on which an espalier is grown.
3. v. To train as or on an espalier.
4. v. To provide with an espalier.

Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

1. n. In horticulture: A trelliswork of various forms on which the branches of fruit-trees or -bushes are extended horizontally, in fan shape, etc., in a single plane, with the object of securing for the plant a freer circulation of air as well as better exposure to the sun.
2. n. A tree or plant trained on such a trellis or system. Trees trained as espaliers are not subjected to such abrupt variations of temperature as wall-trees.
3. To train on or protect by an espalier, as a tree or trees.

Wiktionary

1. n. A latticework against which to grow or train shrubs, fruit-trees, etc.
2. n. A horticultural technique using pruning and shaping to train the branches of a tree or shrub into a two-dimensional ornamental design, as along a wall or fence.
3. n. A plant that has been shaped in this manner.
4. v. To train a plant in this manner.

GNU Webster's 1913

1. n. A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained.
2. v. To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.

WordNet 3.0

1. n. a trellis on which ornamental shrub or fruit tree is trained to grow flat