Definitions
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. Any of the prominent, rounded, elevated convolutions on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. In anatomy, one of the rounded ridges into which the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is divided by the fissures or sulci; a convolution; a gyre. The gyri and sulci are complementary and mutually definitive. They are most numerous and best marked in the brain of the higher mammals (which are therefore called
gyrencephalous ), and especially in that of man. Every gyrus in man has its own name; but several different systems of naming are in vogue, and the nomenclature is still shifting. The attempt to identify the human gyri and sulci with those of other mammals enconnters difficulties which have thus far been insurmountable except in the cases of the most constant and best-marked folds and fissures. (See the cuts.) Additional difficulty is encountered in the fact that different human brains vary in details of the gyri, and the same brain may differ on its opposite sides. The principal gyri are noted in the phrases below. The gyri represent an enormous increase in quantity of the gray cortical matter or cortex of the brain in comparison with the actual superficies of the cerebral hemispheres, some of the folds being separated by fissures an inch or more in depth, and containing three layers of gray matter with three layers of white. The gyri are to some extent an indication of intellectual power, and are better marked when the mental powers of the individual are at their height than in infancy and senility. The distinction between gyrus and lobe or lobule, as applied to lesser divisions of the surface of the brain, is not always preserved. Gyrus is exactly synonymous with convolution. - n. The gyrus which arches over the extremity of the fissure of Sylvius. See sulcus.
Wiktionary
- n. anatomy A ridge or fold on the cerebral cortex.
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. A convoluted ridge between grooves; a convolution. See brain.
WordNet 3.0
- n. a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain
Etymologies
- From Latin gȳrus ("circle"), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (guros) (Wiktionary)
- Latin gȳrus, circle; see gyre. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
Examples
“A region of the brain known as the angular gyrus is partly responsible for the human ability to understand metaphor, according to research led by V.S. Ramachandran, director of the Center for Brain and Cognition at the University of California, San Diego.”
“Such a pattern is reflected in the word's etymology: "girandole" can be traced back, by way of French and Italian, to the Latin word "gyrus," meaning "gyre" or "a circular or spiral motion or form.”
“It also results from lesions interrupting the neural input to this left angular gyrus from the visual or calcarine cortical areas (1,”
“The paralimbic lobe is an outgrowth of the cingulate gyrus, which is known to elaborate social communication and social emotions such as feelings of separation distress and maternal intent in all other mammals.”
“The area involved was found to be the third left frontal gyrus, which is often called Broca's convolution as a result.”
“The anterior part is subdivided by shallow sulci into three or four short gyri, while the posterior part is formed by one long gyrus, which is often bifurcated at its upper end.”
“When she thought about playing tennis, the supplementary motor cortex, which is involved in planning movements, became active, but when she imagined walking through her house, the parahippocampal gyrus, which is needed for spatial navigation, was activated.”
“While viewing positive images, women showed stronger and more extensive activation in the right superior temporal gyrus, which is involved in auditory processing and memory.”
“According to the study, dentate gyrus, which is located in the hippocampus in the brain and thought to be responsible for working memory and mood regulation, remained immature in an animal model of schizophrenia.”
“Behind this is the angular gyrus which is connected with visual word memory.”
Lists
These user-created lists contain the word ‘gyrus’.
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phrontistery - g
from phrontistery.info
gynaecology, gynaecomania, gyromancy, gyrograph, gyve, gyrus, gyron, gynaecocracy, gyrose, gynics, gutturotetany, gymnophobia and 439 more...
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SCIE - neurology
abducens.....draw..., ablation.....carr..., acetylcholine......., adrenalin.....nea..., afferent.....to c..., agnosia.....no kn..., alar.....wing-like, alexia.....no words, alveus.....canal, amacrine.....no l..., ambidextrous........, ambiguus.....doub... and 701 more...
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BIOL - the brain
tumor, retina, tremor, arousal, clot, ruptured blood ve..., pressure on a blo..., brain region, comprehension of ..., production of mea..., autonomic nervous..., conservation of t... and 564 more...
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Just 'cause I like 'em, G
grocer, gabanergic, gabardine, gabbro, gaffe, gneiss, grapple, grosgrain, grommet, gratify, gossamer, goofy and 194 more...
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Infinite Jest
Words taken from Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace.
prorector, monograph, post-fourier, snuffle, rototremble, creatus, enfilade, subanimalistic, balletic, espadrilles, leonine, cirri and 1153 more...
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5-0
Hecko, words! I’m so happy I’ve found you. I want to keep you all and never want to lose you again. I hope you like it here.
amscray, thistledown, tine, tinsel, pungent, snarl, wail, lanky, viscid, dawdle, luminous, stow and 2719 more...
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The Road
Cormac McCarthy
glaucoma, tarpaulin, ford, ratchet, slutlamp, mote, shoring, gryke, riprap, transom, manila, cleat and 68 more...
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If I only had a brain
"cerebral" cerebral terms
cerebrum, cortex, cerebellum, cingulate, hippocampus, uncus, amygdala, locus ceruleus, tegmentum, tectum, corpora quadrigemina, optic chiasm and 42 more...
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brain words
synapse, pons, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, optic chiasm, myelin, hypothalamus, thalamus, telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, zona incerta and 87 more...
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