Definitions
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- adj. Of or relating to longitude or length: a longitudinal reckoning by the navigator; made longitudinal measurements of the hull.
- adj. Concerned with the development of persons or groups over time: a longitudinal study of twins.
- adj. Placed or running lengthwise: longitudinal stripes.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- Of or pertaining to longitude or length; relating to or consisting in length: as, longitudinal distance.
- In the direction of the length; running lengthwise, as distinguished from transverse or across: as, the longitudinal diameter of a body.
- In botany, in the direction of growth.
- In zoology, extended in the long axis of the body, as any articulate animal; articulated.
- n. In iron ship-building, one of the fore-and-aft members in the framing of a cellular double bottom, consisting of a plate, an inner angle-bar by which it is connected to the inner bottom, and an outer angle-bar by which it is connected to the outside plating. In warships, the plate and inner bar are usually continuous; in merchant vessels the plate and both bars are more frequently worked inter-costally between the frames. Also called longitudinal frame. See cuts under double bottom.
Wiktionary
- adj. Relating to length, or to longitude.
- adj. Running in the direction of the long axis of a body.
- adj. Forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction.
- adj. of a study Sampling data over time rather than merely once.
- n. Any longitudinal piece, as in shipbuilding etc.
GNU Webster's 1913
- adj. Of or pertaining to longitude or length.
- adj. Extending in length; in the direction of the length; running lengthwise, as distinguished from
transverse . - n. A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail.
WordNet 3.0
- adj. of or relating to lines of longitude
- adj. running lengthwise
- adj. over an extended time
Examples
“In any long-term longitudinal survey of budgetary costs, I think it would be imprudent and misleading not to adjust for the effects of inflation," says Stephen I. Schwartz, editor of the journal Nonproliferation Review and director of a 1998 study by the left-leaning Brookings Institution on long-range nuclear-weapons spending in the U.S.”
The Wall Street Journal: As Shuttle Sails Through Space, Costs Are Tough to Pin Down
“However, long-term longitudinal studies seem to reveal…”
“Long-term longitudinal studies would be needed to assess the validity of either perspective.”
“This kind of vibration is called a longitudinal vibration.”
“Following the Exxon Valdez spill in 1989, "We didn't do the long-term longitudinal follow up that now we all wish we had data on," says Donald Williamson, state health officer for Alabama.”
“Four significant long-term longitudinal studies are now under way: two at Harvard that Kagan initiated, two more at the University of Maryland under the direction of Nathan Fox, a former graduate student of Kagan's.”
“The seed of interest in longitudinal research had been planted; it germinated decades later in Vaillant’s psychiatric residency and then in the ultimate vein of data he discovered at Harvard.”
“Besides recruiting for other investigators 'research we will be launching a long term longitudinal cohort study to look at environmental issues including cosmetic ingredients and their effects on breast cancer.”
“One reason the study is reliable is because it was thorough and ran for multiple years, using what the study givers refer to as longitudinal methods typically associated with clinical research in medicine and public health.”
“One may say that synergy is cross-sectional whereas viability is longitudinal, that is, that synergy describes the health of a system at a given time, viability over time.”
Lists
These user-created lists contain the word ‘longitudinal’.
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JesusIsLord's Words
debauchery, plethora, wiki, numinous, wormwood, scribe, gelded, mithridate, orthogonal, jaculiferous, jaculate, jactitation and 415 more...
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eggplantia5's Words
scintillate, marvel, cranberry, oscillate, triumph, bamboozle, grimace, magical, book, hexagon, cipher, compendium and 2727 more...
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kingrat47's Words
procrustean, devolution, cacophony, hippopotamus, crunch, beware, chortled, sibilant, subtle, undermine, acromegaly, acropolis and 645 more...
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essigurken's Words
transubstantiation, pungent, omnipotent, craven, 'tis, saucy, entwine, inextricably, consummation, conglomeration, sepulchre, addendum and 264 more...
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HorsesintheSouth
Words pertaining to horses, equines, equestrians
horse, equine, equestrian, dressage, hunter, jumper, puissance, capriole, sidepass, levade, augurian, coop and 296 more...
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They Roll Off The Tongue
Words that are just fun to say. Entirely subjective, but I like 'em regardless. A complement to the list They Stumble Off The Tongue.
verisimilitude, parsimonious, soliloquy, insipid, ontological, plentifully, je ne sais quoi, misanthropic, bourgeoisie, parallelable, inclemency, frigidity and 159 more...
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Valse's Words
fastidious, fervent, bellicose, personification, onomatopoeia, burly, concomitant, tempura, serendipity, pecuniary, foment, chum and 418 more...
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RabidCow's Words
piledrive, schism, poignant, garrote, reflex, fortitude, constitution, dexterity, charisma, nemesis, machiavellian, poop and 128 more...
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Patent Parlance
defining the words that define invention
distal, axial, lateral, external, medial, inferior, anterior, posterior, imbricate, juxtapose, oblique, mating and 20 more...
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Directionality & Position
abaft, larboard, contrariwise, widdershins, bass-ackward, cant, askew, cattywampus, yaw-ways, slaunchways, thwartwise, askance and 32 more...
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perhapsolutely's Words
polyradiculoneuro..., abulia, abubble, abscission, abaft, zareba, abatis, abigail, abiogenesis, ablate, ablaut, abo and 1705 more...
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Folklore's Words
sesquipedalian, cherubim, carafe, oubliette, sacroiliac, onomatopoeia, irregardless, tiramisu, draconic, flibbertigibbet, pantheon, lachrymose and 59 more...
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TerriT's Words
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