crustose

• “Their disproportionate impacts stem from their voracious appetite for sea urchins, herbivorous invertebrates whose feeding on kelps in turn determine whether rocky bottoms will become dominated by large kelps (in the absence of urchins) versus by crustose calcified algae (in the presence of urchins).”

  Keystone species

• “The kelp beds facilitated by sea otter predation on urchins offer both abundant food and physical structure in which fishes and other animals can grow and escape their predators, whereas the crustose algal “pavements” that develop in the absence of sea otters leave the bottom with no structure and little plant biomass to support other animals.”

  Keystone species

• “These pink surfaces are all crustose coralline algae growing on the sea floor.”

  Biology of early life stage of tropical reef corals

• “There is strong evidence that the larvae of many corals prefer only a few species of crustose coralline algae (conspicuous to humans as pink and hard crusts [Fig. 5]), of which Titanoderma spp. serves as a particularly strong inducer of larval settlement.”

  Biology of early life stage of tropical reef corals

• “A newly settled coral recruit of Stylophora pistillata on crustose coralline algae.”

  Biology of early life stage of tropical reef corals

• “There are about 1,700 kinds of plants in the arctic and subarctic, and these include: low shrubs, sedges, reindeer mosses, liverworts, and grasses, 400 varieties of flowering plants, crustose and foliose lichen.”

  Tundra biome

• “An additional 10,350 ha, from 1,700 m to 2,020 m, supports isolated individuals of parahebes Parahebe sp., gentian Gentiana gellidifolia, buttercup and others, although above 2,000 m the only obvious plants are crustose lichens.”

  Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

• “Along the coastal stretch are compact gravel deserts devoid of vegetation except for colorful fields of foliose and crustose lichens.”

  Kaokoveld desert

• “He was mainly interested in algae, although we were also looking at small fish around small reefs and crustose sponges.”

  Bloomberg: Intelligent Design and inferior education - The Panda's Thumb

• “On shaded sandstone, intermingled with an ash-gray, crustose thallus, which appeared like a sterile _Pertusaria_.”

  Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V

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