antimony

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“
The oxide of chlorine inflames the sulphuret of antimony, which is a combustible body, and the whole mass instantly bursts into flame Footnote 10: Page 63.

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  1. noun A metallic element having four allotropic forms, the most common of which is a hard, extremely brittle, lustrous, silver-white, crystalline material. It is used in a wide variety of alloys, especially with lead in battery plates, and in the manufacture of flame-proofing compounds, paint, semiconductor devices, and ceramic products. Atomic number 51; atomic weight 121.76; melting point 630.5°C; boiling point 1,380°C; specific gravity 6.691; valence 3, 5. See Table at element.

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Etymologies (2)

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  1. Middle English antimonie, from Medieval Latin antimōnium, perhaps from Arabic al-'iṯmid : al-, the + 'iṯmid, antimony (perhaps from Greek stimmi).

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  1. from late Middle English antimony = Old French antimonie, modern F. antimoine = Spanish Portuguese Italian antimonio = Swedish Danish G. antimonium = Russian antimoniya = Polish antymonium, etc., from Middle Latin antimonium, antimony, a word of unknown origin, simulating a Greek appearance, perhaps a perversion, through such simulation (antimonium, from atimonium, from atimodium, from athimodium ?), of the Arabic name (with art. al- ?) ethmad, othmod, uthmud, earlier ithmid, antimony, which is in turn perhaps an accommodation (through *isthimmid ?) of Greek στιμμιδ-, one of the stems of στίμμι (στιμμι-, στιμμε-, στιμμιδ-), also στῖμι and στίβι (*στίβι ?), later L. stimmi, stibi, and stibium, antimony, the Greek name itself being apparently of foreign or Eastern origin: see stibium. False etymologies formerly current are: (1) from French antimoine, from Greek ἀντί, against, + moine, a monk, as if ‘monk's bane’; (2) from Greek ἀντί, against, + μόνος, alone, as if never found alone; (3) from Greek ἀντί, instead of, + Latin minium, red lead, “because women used it instead of red lead” as an eye-paint.
 

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/ˈæntɪməni/
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