doublet

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

1. n. A close-fitting jacket, with or without sleeves, worn by European men between the 15th and 17th centuries.
2. n. A pair of similar or identical things.
3. n. A member of such a pair.
4. n. Physics A multiplet with two members.
5. n. Linguistics One of two words derived from the same historical source by different routes of transmission, such as skirt from Scandinavian and shirt from English.
6. n. An imitation gem composed of two parts, as of an inferior stone layered beneath a precious gem.
7. n. Games A throw of two dice in which the same number of dots appears on the upper face of each.

Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

1. n. One of a pair of like things; a duplicate: in most uses commonly in the plural.
2. n. Specifically— In typography, an unintentional duplication of a word, phrase, passage, etc. Also double.
3. n. In philology, a duplicate form of word; one of two (or, by extension, three or more) words originally the same, but having come to differ in form, and usually more or less in meaning. Doublets are very common in English. They usually consist of an older and a later form, the older being generally descended and the later directly borrowed from the same original (as benison, benediction; malison, malediction, etc.), or two accidental variations of one original, sometimes slightly discriminated (as alarm, alarum, etc.), or of a standard literary and a dialectal form (as church, kirk; lord, laird, etc.). See dimorphism, 5.
4. n. In heraldry, a chevron-shaped bearing which issues from either side of the field, and reaches nearly to the opposite side without touching it.
5. n. One of a pair of dice turned up in throwing when they both present the same number of spots: usually in the plural: as, to throw doublets.
6. n. Something formed by a union of two like things; a duplicate combination. Specifically— A counterfeit gem composed of two pieces of crystal with a layer of color between them, giving the effect of a genuine colored stone.
7. n. In optics, a combination of two simple lenses, with the object of diminishing the chromatic and spherical aberration: in the former use called specifically an achromatic doublet. The Wollaston doublet (see the extract) consists of two plano-convex lenses placed a short distance apart in the eyepiece of a microscope.
8. n. plural A game with dice upon tables, somewhat resembling backgammon.
9. n. An outer body-garment such as was worn by men from about the end of the fifteenth until about the middle of the seventeenth century. Originally it had short skirts, and was girded round the body with a belt of leather or similar material. Later it was cut and adjusted with great care, and even Stuffed or bombasted into an exact shape. At this period it sometimes had skirts, but was more often made without them. Throughout the sixteenth century the doublet usually had sleeves; under the reign of Charles I. of England it became universally an undergarment, being made without sleeves, and was thus the prototype of the modern waistcoat. So long as doublets were a common garment for men, they were frequently imitated in the fashions of feminine dress: thus, a similar body-garment for women was worn about 1580, and again in the reign of Charles II. of England, corresponding nearly to the modern sack, having sleeves and short skirts.
10. n. In organ-building, a two-feet stop, or fifteenth. See stop, 6.

Wiktionary

1. n. a man’s close-fitting jacket, with or without sleeves. Men in Europe wore doublets from the 1400s to the 1600s.
2. n. a pair of two similar or equal things; couple.
3. n. linguistics one of two or more different words in a language derived from the same origin but coming by different routes (e.g., toucher and toquer in French or yard and garden in English).
4. n. literature In textual criticism, two different narrative accounts of the same actual event.
5. n. An imitation gem made of two pieces of glass or crystal with a layer of color between them.
6. n. printing, US A word or phrase set a second time by mistake.
7. n. quantum mechanics A quantum state of a system with a spin of 1/2, such that there are two allowed values of the spin component, -1/2 and +1/2.
8. n. computing A word (or rather, a halfword) consisting of two bytes
9. n. botany A very small flowering plant, Dimeresia howellii
10. n. A word ladder puzzle.
11. n. An arrangement of two lenses for a microscope, designed to correct spherical aberration and chromatic dispersion, thus rendering the image of an object more clear and distinct.
12. n. Either of two dice, each of which, when thrown, has the same number of spots on the face lying uppermost.
13. n. uncountable A game somewhat like backgammon.

GNU Webster's 1913

1. n. Two of the same kind; a pair; a couple.
2. n. (Print.) A word or words unintentionally doubled or set up a second time.
3. n. A close-fitting garment for men, covering the body from the neck to the waist or a little below. It was worn in Western Europe from the 15th to the 17th century.
4. n. (Lapidary Work) A counterfeit gem, composed of two pieces of crystal, with a color them, and thus giving the appearance of a naturally colored gem. Also, a piece of paste or glass covered by a veneer of real stone.
5. n. (Opt.) An arrangement of two lenses for a microscope, designed to correct spherical aberration and chromatic dispersion, thus rendering the image of an object more clear and distinct.
6. n. Two dice, each of which, when thrown, has the same number of spots on the face lying uppermost.
7. n. A game somewhat like backgammon.
8. n. One of two or more words in the same language derived by different courses from the same original from

WordNet 3.0

1. n. a man's close-fitting jacket; worn during the Renaissance