Definitions
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. A parhelion.
- n. A small halo or rainbow near the horizon just off the parhelic circle.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. A mock sun, or parhelion.
Wiktionary
- n. alternative spelling of sun dog.
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. A luminous spot occasionally seen a few degrees from the sun, supposed to be formed by the intersection of two or more halos, or in a manner similar to that of halos.
- n. A fragmentary rainbow; a small rainbow near the horizon; -- called also
dog andweathergaw .
WordNet 3.0
- n. a bright spot on the parhelic circle; caused by diffraction by ice crystals
Examples
“At the end of the sundog was a big, black chemtrail across the sun.”
WN.com - Articles related to Asia pollution blows around globe due to monsoon
“An unusual, rainbow-like phenomenon called a "sundog" was captured this week by reader”
“I will naively cling to hope that the Democratic leadership realize they have the advantage. sundog Says:”
Matthew Yglesias » Centrist Senators Change Stimulus By Redistributing Wealth Upwards
“See this amazing video shot by a 13-year-old girl in attendance at the KSC VIP site that shows the sundog and shockwave. as noted by Jon Hanford in the comments.”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“This may be the first time we've sent a probe through a sundog, and people will be studying this, so already we are learning things about our atmosphere from SDO.”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“Amazingly, viewers here at Kennedy Space Center saw the Atlas rocket fly close to a sundog just as the spacecraft reached Max-Q, creating a ripple effect around the spacecraft.”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“Do you know if anyone got any pictures of the sundog moment?”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“Caught sight of the sundog in several of the launch replays.”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“We saw this sundog come out and SDO flew right through it.”
The Solar Dynamics Observatory Soars to Study the Sun | Universe Today
“In India, a boy points at a sundog -- a phenomenon that forms when the sun reflects off ice crystals.”
Lists
These user-created lists contain the word ‘sundog’.
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the list
i live in a human..., escapism, crush, infinite, alleviate, gallows, scapegallows, violet, downfall, whisper, watch-word, haven and 15 more...
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NATURAL PHENOMENA
weather and otherwise (not including winds)
sylvanshine, serein, sunshower, derecho, thundersnow, sundog, williwaw, pilot's halo

elsabet From the OED:
1896 KIPLING Seven Seas, Three Sealers 68
And they saw the sun-dogs in the haze and the seal upon the shore. Jun 28, 2007