ipecacuanha

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“
Those most commonly known to us, and which may be seen growing wild by the roadside, are the nux vomica, ipecacuanha, gamboge, sarsaparilla, cassia fistula, cardamoms, etc The ipecacuanha is a pretty, delicate plant, which bears a bright orange-colored cluster of flowers The cassia fistula is a very beautiful tree, growing to the size of an ash, which it somewhat resembles in foliage.

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  1. The dried root of Cephaëlis Ipecacuanha, a small shrubby plant, a native of Brazil, the United States of Colombia, and other parts of South America. There are three varieties, the brown, red, and gray, all products of the same plant, and their differences are due to little more than age, place of growth, or mode of drying. The root is hard, and breaks short and granular (not fibrous), exhibiting a resinous, waxy, or farinaceous interior, white or grayish. It is emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic, and is much used in medicine, in large doses (1.5 grams) as an emetic, in smaller doses as a depressant and nauseant, in still smaller doses as a diaphoretic, and in the smallest as a stimulant to the stomach to check vomiting and produce appetite. Its physiological effects seem to depend on the presence of the alkaloid emetin. The root of Cephaëlis Ipecacuanha is the only thing recognized as ipecac by the British or the United States Pharmacopœia, but the name has been applied to various other plants with emetic properties, as to the root of Psychotria emetica, also called Peruvian, striated, or black ipecacuanha, said to contain emetin; also to the roots of various species of Richardsonia, called white, amylaceous, or undulated ipecacuanha. The name American ipecacuanha or ipecacuanha spurge is given to Euphorbia Ipecacuanhæ. Gillenia is also called American ipecac. See cut under Cephaëlis.

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Etymologies (1)

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  1. from Portuguese ipecacuanha (= Spanish ipecacuana), from Brazilian (as usually given) ipecaaguen, the native name of the plant, said to mean ‘smaller roadside sick-making plant.’
 

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