symbol

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

1. n. Something that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, especially a material object used to represent something invisible. See Synonyms at sign.
2. n. A printed or written sign used to represent an operation, element, quantity, quality, or relation, as in mathematics or music.
3. n. Psychology An object or image that an individual unconsciously uses to represent repressed thoughts, feelings, or impulses: a phallic symbol.
4. v. To symbolize.

Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

1. n. An object, animate or inanimate, standing for or representing something moral or intellectual; anything which typifies an idea or a quality; a representation; a figure; an emblem; a type: as, the lion is the symbol of courage, the lamb of meekness or patience, the olive-branch of peace, and the scepter of power.
2. n. A letter or character which is significant; a mark which stands for something; a sign, as the letters and marks representing objects, elements, or operations in chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, etc. For various kinds of symbols or signs, see notation, proof-reading, sign, and weather. In addition to the signs of the zodiac (see sign), the principal astronomical symbols are the following: ☉, Sun; ☿, Mercury; ♀ , Venus; ♁, ⊖, or ⊕, Earth; ☽, Moon; ♂, Mars; ♃, Jupiter; ♄, Saturn; or , Uranus; ♆, Neptune; , ascending node; , descending node; , conjunction; , opposition. A planetoid or asteroid is generally indicated by inclosing in a small circle the number which distinguishes it as noting the order of its discovery.
3. n. That which specially distinguishes one regarded in a particular character or as occupying a particular office; an object or a figure typifying an individuality; an attribute: as, a trident is the symbol of Neptune, the peacock of Juno, a mirror or an apple of Venus.
4. n. In theology, a summary of religious doctrine accepted as an authoritative and official statement of the belief of the Christian church or of one of its denominations; a Christian creed.
5. n. In mathematics, an algebraical sign of any object or operation. See notation, 2.
6. n. In numismatics, a small device in the field of a coin. Such devices—for example, a lyre, a wine-cup, or an ivy-wreath—chiefly occur on Greek coins, where they are often the mark or signet of the monetary magistrate responsible for the issue of the coin. As a rule, the symbol bears no reference to the type, or principal device, of the coin.
7. To symbolize.
8. n. A contribution to a common meal or entertainment; share; lot; portion.
9. n. In crystallography, the symbol of a face is the mathematical expression defining its position with reference to the assumed crystallographic axes. The symbols of Weiss (1818) consist of the in tercepts on the axes written out in full, as a : nb:mc for the general case, the fundamental axial values being designated by a and b (lateral), and c (vertical): thus a:b: ∞ cand a : b :3c are special examples. The Naumann symbols (1830) are adapted from those of Weiss; the expression is abbreviated, the order is inverted, and certain distinguishing signs are added. For the examples given, Naumann's symbols are: general case, m Pn (also mPñ. mPn, etc) or mOn (for the isometric system); further ∞ . The Dana symbols (1850) are those of Naumann further abbreviated, as m-n (m-ñ, m-n etc), etc. In the Millerian system, now generally adopted (introduced by W H. Miller of Cambridge in 1852). the symbol consists of three indexes, which are either whole numbers or zero. For the general case, the symbol is hkl and the relation of the indexes h, k, and l to the axial intercepts is given by the full expression this last can be derived from the symbol ot Weiss if the coefficients are reduced to fractions having unity as their numerators. The Miller symbols for the special examples given above are 320, 321. Bravais (1866) suggested extending the Millerian system to hexagonal forms referred to four crystallographic axes; hence the Bravais-Miller symbols have theform (general), , , etc. When the indexes are included in brackets or parentheses, as [321], (321), this expression is generally understood to be the symbol of the form — that is, to include all the faces which belong to it; thus the orthorhombic form (321) or (321) includes the eight faces , : here as always in the Millerian system negative values are indicated by a sign placed over the index. The zone-symbol, from which the common relation of the indexes for all forns lying in the zone is deduced, is similar to that of a crystal form but is usually inclosed in square brackets: thus the zone-symbol [11ī] means that for every face in the given zone the zonal equation h + k = l holds good.—Identity symbol. See identity.

Wiktionary

1. n. A character or glyph representing an idea, concept or object.
2. n. Any object, typically material, which is meant to represent another (usually abstract) even if there is no meaningful relationship.
3. n. linguistics A type of noun whereby the form refers to the same entity independently of the context; a symbol arbitrarily denotes a referent. See also icon and index.
4. n. A summary of a dogmatic statement of faith.
5. n. Visible traces or impressions, made using a writing device or tool, that are connected together and/or are slightly separated. Sometimes symbols represent objects or events that occupy space or things that are not physical and do not occupy space.
6. v. To symbolize.

GNU Webster's 1913

1. n. A visible sign or representation of an idea; anything which suggests an idea or quality, or another thing, as by resemblance or by convention; an emblem; a representation; a type; a figure.
2. n. (Math.) Any character used to represent a quantity, an operation, a relation, or an abbreviation.
3. n. (Theol.) An abstract or compendium of faith or doctrine; a creed, or a summary of the articles of religion.
4. n. obsolete That which is thrown into a common fund; hence, an appointed or accustomed duty.
5. n. obsolete Share; allotment.
6. n. (Chem.) An abbreviation standing for the name of an element and consisting of the initial letter of the Latin or New Latin name, or sometimes of the initial letter with a following one; See the list of names and symbols under Element.
7. v. rare To symbolize.

WordNet 3.0

1. n. something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible
2. n. an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance