Definitions
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. Something false or empty that is purported to be genuine; a spurious imitation.
- n. The quality of deceitfulness; empty pretense.
- n. One who assumes a false character; an impostor: "He a man! Hell! He was a hollow sham!” ( Joseph Conrad).
- n. A decorative cover made to simulate an article of household linen and used over or in place of it: a pillow sham.
- adj. Not genuine; fake: sham diamonds; sham modesty.
- v. To put on the false appearance of; feign: "shamming insanity to get his tormentors to leave him alone” ( John Wain).
- v. To assume a false appearance or character; dissemble.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. Shame; disgrace; fault.
- n. A trick put upon one; a trick or device that deludes or disappoints expectation; fraud; imposture; make-believe; humbug: as, an age of shams.
- n. Some device meant to give a thing a different outward appearance, as of neatness and finish, or to imitate something which it is not. Specifically A false shirt-front; a dicky.
- n. A false pillow-cover; a pillow-sham.
- n. A strip of fine linen, often embroidered, put under the upper edge of the bed-coverings and turned over, as if forming the upper end of the sheet.
- n. plural Gaiters.
- False; counterfeit; pretended: as, a sham fight.
- Synonyms Mock, spurious, make-believe.
- To deceive; trick; cheat; delude with false pretenses.
- To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
- To make a pretense of in order to deceive; feign; imitate: as, to sham illness.
- To pretend; make false pretenses; pretend to be, do, etc., what one is not, does not, does not mean, etc.
Wiktionary
- adj. Intended to deceive; false.
- n. A fake; an imitation that purports to be genuine.
- n. Trickery, hoaxing.
- n. A decorative cover for a pillow.
- v. To deceive, cheat, lie.
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoints; a make-believe; delusion; imposture; humbug.
- n. A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
- adj. False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal.
- v. To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.
- v. rare To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
- v. To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
- v. To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
WordNet 3.0
- v. make believe with the intent to deceive
- adj. adopted in order to deceive
- v. make a pretence of
- n. a person who makes deceitful pretenses
- n. something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be
Etymologies
- Probably a dialectal form of shame. (Wiktionary)
- Perhaps dialectal variant of shame. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
Examples
“Instead of this, we either put on a stock with a sham tie, (now all _sham_ things, of what kind soever, militate against good taste,) or else, to make the most of our scarf, we fill up the aperture of the waistcoat with an ambitious quantity of drapery, and we stick therein an enormous and obtrusively ostentatious pin.”
Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 57, No. 357, June, 1845
“The term sham derives from the root shameful I believe.”
The Huffington Post: Matthew Anderson: Lower Case Capitalism
“Also on Sunday, the Taliban vowed to attack polling places in Sept. 18 parliamentary elections, warning Afghans not to participate in what it called a sham vote.”
“I care deeply about the people of Zimbabwe, I am extremely disappointed in the election, which I labelled a sham election," Bush said with Tanzania President Jakaya Kikwete, the current chairman of the AU.”
“I care deeply about the people of Zimbabwe, I am extremely disappointed in the election, which I labelled a sham election," Bush said on the sidelines of a summit of rich nations at this mountain resort in northern Japan.”
“I'm extremely disappointed in the elections, which I labelled a sham election," he said.”
“Additional comments in the P-I story reveal what a sham is the rubric of "diversity" at UW and in Seattle.”
“PHILLIPS: Saddam Hussein, angry over what he calls a sham of a trial, boycotts today's proceedings in Baghdad.”
“Kaunda said he would organize a campaign of strikes, demonstrations and civil disobedience against what he termed sham elections that would lack legitimacy without his main opposition group taking part.”
“Associated Press Writers = KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) - The Taliban vowed Sunday to attack polling places in Sept. 18 parliamentary elections, warning Afghans not to participate in what it called a sham vote.”
Lists
These user-created lists contain the word ‘sham’.
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This is not a list
you know that thing where the Eskimos have 50 words for snow?
little white lie, big lie, the Big Lie, economical with t..., muddy the waters, fabrication, deception, lies, damned lies..., façade, slander, omission, web of lies and 159 more...
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GRE Barrons Wordlist
A complete Barron's Wordlist for GRE preparation. Your online flashcard replacement.
abase, abash, abate, abbreviate, abdicate, aberrant, aberration, abet, abeyance, abhor, abject, abjure and 4087 more...
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Naresh_Special
portent, organically, malicious, sham, olfactory, vertebrates, protuberance, sensilla, flagitious, pleonastic, exiguous, wayward and 102 more...
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old timey talk
Words or Sayings from the 1920's or whatever that no one really uses anymore (at least in that context).
scram, bearcat, heavens to betsy, dick, double-cross, ducky, gams, goofy, hooch, jalopy, john, joe and 174 more...
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Words sung by: Belle and Sebastian
beguiling, herbaceous, peninsula, suffragette, damascan, hastening, berserk, overtime, leccy, bestow, swathe, arab strap and 193 more...
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GRE
predilection, explicit, appeal, supplication, appealing, enchanting, ovation, pertinent, apropos, opportunely, applicable, germane and 381 more...
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Lying, cheating, and stealing
subterfuge, chicanery, skulduggery, pilfer, purloin, bamboozle, bilk, gyp, hoodwink, swindle, hoax, dupe and 28 more...
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gre2
aberrant, aberration, aboveboard, abrasive, abstemious, acme, admonish, affable, affluent, alacrity, allegory, alleviate and 1901 more...
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Copies of copies
replica, ersatz, synthetic, artificial, clone, simulacrum, reproduction, facsimile, carbon copy, twin, enantiomorph, antimer and 37 more...
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the brothers
factotem, extrapolation, antinomy, antenome, pusillanimous, capons, caftan, pejorative, cropper, cowl, perfidious, fichu and 138 more...
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ChortleGiggleSnort
Significant Words- Guiding you on your path to Snazzibility
flimsy, feeble, ranting, ramble, narky, snazzy, yoghurt, bulbous, pustule, globulous, geranium, megalomaniac and 521 more...
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kalidas's Words
crepuscular, mellifluous, ephemeral, diaphanous, zeitgeist, geisterfahrer, infinite, eternal, idyllic, azure, reminiscent, oblivion and 521 more...
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newGRE
mostly from magoosh
imbue, verge on, nonchalant, deliberate, timorous, futile, provisional, dissect, checked, tinged, alluring, visionary and 1046 more...
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My Revised GRE Preparation List
Words from the new GRE : This list consists mostly of words from the book Magoosh-GRE-vocab-ebook, which is one of the best vocab materials available, especially if you have started preparing one ...
alacrity, prosaic, veracity, paucity, contrite, trite, maintain, laconic, pugnacious, disparate, egregious, innocuous and 533 more...
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Words that delight me
tepid, perfunctory, trope, benign, inordinate, bewildering, ersatz, boon, delectable, apt, scuttlebutt, sequester and 398 more...
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NeoVolt's Words
schadenfreude, serendipity, idiosyncrasy, loess, caducous, vagary, schematic, steeple, licentious, tangential, verisimilitude, vernacular and 385 more...
Tweets
Looking for tweets for sham.

yarb ...I shammed illness, complained of my head, complained of my chest, and made a characteristic wry face for every pain and ache in the catalogue of human infirmities.
- Lesage, The Adventures of Gil Blas of Santillane, tr. Smollett, bk 10 ch. 12 Oct 9, 2008
Prolagus She wears the clothes of an emperor
But her paintings are a sham
And they're going for a grand
When the dealers come to view
Do they ever see the real you?
(It could have been a brilliant career, by Belle and Sebastian Sep 15, 2008
bilby "This comfortable quilt cover set is made of 100% luxurious cotton with 200 thread count, pillow shams are nicely flanged around and quilt cover is finished with a hidden zip closure. Create a refreshing and beautiful bedroom with this queen size quilt cover set includes 1 x quilt cover and 2 x pillow shams."
- advertisement, crazysales.com.au, 8 August 2008. Aug 8, 2008