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Definitions

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

  1. adj. Characterized by appropriateness or suitability; fitting: the proper knife for cutting bread; not a proper moment for a joke.
  2. adj. Called for by rules or conventions; correct: the proper form for a business letter.
  3. adj. Strictly following rules or conventions, especially in social behavior; seemly: a proper lady; a proper gentleman.
  4. adj. Belonging to one; own: restored to his proper shape by the magician.
  5. adj. Characteristically belonging to the being or thing in question; peculiar: an optical effect proper to fluids.
  6. adj. Being within the strictly limited sense, as of a term designating something: the town proper, excluding the suburbs.
  7. adj. Ecclesiastical For use in the liturgy of a particular feast or season of the year.
  8. adj. Mathematics Of or relating to a subset of a given set when the set has at least one element not in the subset.
  9. adj. Worthy of the name; true: wanted a proper dinner, not just a snack.
  10. adj. Out-and-out; thorough: a proper whipping.
  11. adv. Thoroughly: beat the eggs good and proper.
  12. n. Ecclesiastical The parts of the liturgy that vary according to the particular feast or season of the year.

Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

  1. Special; peculiar; belonging to a species or individual and to nothing else; springing from the peculiar nature of a given species or individual; particularly suited to or befitting one's nature; natural; original.
  2. Belonging to one; one's own.
  3. Fit; suitable; appropriate.
  4. According to recognized usage; correct; just: as, a proper word; a proper expression.
  5. Rightly so called, named, or described; taken in a strict sense: in this sense usually following the noun: as, the apes proper belong to the Old World; no shell-fish are fishes proper.
  6. Decent; correct in behavior; respectable; such as should be: as, proper conduct.
  7. Well-formed; good-looking; personable; handsome; also, physically strong or active.
  8. In heraldry, having its natural color or colors: said of any object used as a bearing: thus, a coil of rope proper is represented brown, and the spiral lines of the cordage are indicated.
  9. In liturgics, used only on a particular day or festival, or during a particular octave or season: as, the proper introit; a proper preface; proper psalms.
  10. Fine; pretty: said ironically of what is absurd or objectionable.
  11. Becoming; deserved.
  12. Synonyms Particular, individual, specific.
  13. 3 and Fitting, befitting, meet, seemly, becoming, legitimate.
  14. n. That which is set apart to special or individual use. Specifically, in liturgics, a special office or special parts of an office appointed for a particular day or time: as, the proper of the day; the proper of Whitsunday.
  15. n. A property in the logical sense.
  16. Properly; very; exceedingly.
  17. To appropriate.
  18. To make proper; adorn.
  19. In geometry, not figurative; not at infinity: as, proper points.

Wiktionary

  1. adj. Suitable.
  2. adj. Possessed, related.
  3. adj. Accurate, strictly applied.
  4. adv. Scotland properly; thoroughly; completely.
  5. adv. nonstandard, slang properly

GNU Webster's 1913

  1. adj. Belonging to one; one's own; individual.
  2. adj. Belonging to the natural or essential constitution; peculiar; not common; particular.
  3. adj. Befitting one's nature, qualities, etc.; suitable in all respect; appropriate; right; fit; decent.
  4. adj. Archaic Becoming in appearance; well formed; handsome.
  5. adj. Pertaining to one of a species, but not common to the whole; not appellative; -- opposed to common
  6. adj. Rightly so called; strictly considered
  7. adj. (Her.) Represented in its natural color; -- said of any object used as a charge.
  8. adv. Colloq & Vulgar Properly; hence, to a great degree; very.

WordNet 3.0

  1. adj. having all the qualities typical of the thing specified
  2. adj. marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness
  3. adj. limited to the thing specified
  4. adj. appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character, needs

Etymologies

  1. From Anglo-Norman proper, propre, Old French propre (French: propre), and their source, Latin proprius. (Wiktionary)
  2. Middle English propre, from Old French, from Latin proprius; see per1 in Indo-European roots. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)

Examples

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Lists

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  • jodi IrE; In AmE this has a moralistic tone not connoted in IrE. Closest analogue in AmE is to double the word (i.e. use reduplication) Apr 19, 2011

  • Telofy "Just underground lies the examination room; beneath it, and thus outside the tower proper (for the examination room was the propulsion chamber of the original structure) stretches the labyrinth of the oubliette." -- Gene Wolfe, The Book of the New Sun Sep 24, 2008

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‘proper’ has been looked up 3084 times, loved by 4 people, added to 30 lists, commented on 2 times, and has a Scrabble score of 10.